Belitsoft > API Testing Services | API Testing Company

API Testing Services | API Testing Company

What is API Testing?

API testing is a type of software testing that involves examining APIs both independently and as part of integration testing. This process includes testing of the application as well as the APIs that support it. The primary objectives of API testing include:

ensuring the app functionality after API development or API modernization

validating the intended interaction between the API layer and the application

guaranteeing the reliability, functionality, security, and performance of the application's code

Furthermore, as API testing typically occurs before UI testing, each API defect identified by testers can prevent GUI defects later in the project.

API integration

Why choose Belitsoft as Your API Testing Company?

Specialized API Expertise

Our team has extensive experience in modular and service testing of APIs, employing both Agile and Waterfall methodologies, for public, private, and partner integrations.

API Performance Evaluation

Minimize business risks tied to your foundational software components. Our team creates test suites designed to assess your APIs and integration processes continuously.

Improved API Quality

Belitsoft, as an automation testing company, effectively mitigates risks linked to specific software components. This strategic approach leads to the delivery of superior software quality.

Complete Service Range

Belitsoft is ready to meet your needs, whether they involve custom software, cloud solutions, mobile applications, or web apps. Our service extends from initial design and API development to thorough testing, dependable maintenance, and supportive customer service.

Business-Focused

Many testing strategies concentrate primarily on technical risks, neglecting the crucial business context. At Belitsoft, we adopt a holistic approach that melds software testing with an understanding of business risks. Our measure of success lies in the achievement of your end goals. Our experienced team is dedicated to optimizing your return on investment and enhancing your overall profitability.

Scalable API Team

Equip your business for success with Belitsoft, an API testing company that supports your growth without compromising on quality. We offer scalability to meet your needs, all the while ensuring personalized attention and service.

Clear Communication

We ensure effective communication within our teams so that no task is left unfinished. Language barriers aren't an issue, as we make certain you're on the same page as our specialists.

Delivery Mindset

From the outset, our top priority is meeting your requirements. Whether it's crafting a business solution or supplementing your team with dedicated software engineers, we bring unwavering commitment to your goals.

Searching for a dependable API testing company that combines technical proficiency, exceptional service, and a dedication to cutting-edge solutions? You've come to the right place. Discover how we can cater to your unique needs today!

Comprehensive API Testing Services

By outsourcing your testing needs to Belitsoft, you gain access to our expert team that consistently delivers high-quality API testing services. These services drive superior outcomes and give your product a competitive edge in the market.

Dedicated API Specialists

Our API specialists apply their extensive experience with various testing methodologies, including modular and service testing, to every project. Demonstrating proficiency in both agile and waterfall development approaches, they successfully manage public, private, and partner integrations.

API Performance Testing

Our API performance testing services assess the functionality of your web or mobile application under various scenarios, including standard load and stress conditions, at each stage of the software development life cycle (SDLC). This analysis aids in determining whether your app performs optimally under heavy workloads. Our meticulous testing process helps cut front-end costs by identifying and eliminating bugs that could hinder the smooth operation of your software system.

Automated API Testing

We employ automated testing to execute a variety of assessments, encompassing dynamic, functional, performance, load, and regression testing, as well as error detection. With automated testing, we get results more quickly and streamline our testing process.

API Functional Testing

API functional testing verifies the API layer's functionality from start to finish, reinforcing its quality. The team of experienced QA engineers at Belitsoft API performance testing company offers cost-effective functionality testing to ensure your APIs function as intended and meet the specified requirements and objectives.

API Reliability Testing

Reliability testing is conducted to verify that the API consistently delivers accurate results without interruptions or complications. We carefully analyze the target API to confirm its ability to consistently provide reliable and precise outcomes, free from significant complexities.

API Load Testing

We perform load testing to validate the system's functionality and performance under various levels of user or transaction load. This ensures your software application can handle a high volume of calls.

API Security Testing

Our API security testing involves a variety of security checks, including penetration testing, authentication validation, encryption assessment, and access control evaluation. We ensure your API adheres to necessary security requirements, such as proper permissions, authentication protocols, and essential access controls.

API Negative Testing

We perform API negative testing to anticipate and handle various incorrect inputs. This testing process ensures your software application effectively manages invalid data or unexpected user behavior, promoting smooth operation and preventing potential issues.

API Unit Testing

At Belitsoft, we use API unit testing to examine individual components of an API independently. The goal is to verify each unit's functionality, ensuring it performs as expected. We test the smallest testable parts of the API, such as functions, methods, or classes, for the correct outputs from given inputs.

API Regression Testing

API regression testing is vital in confirming that existing API functionality remains unaffected after system changes or updates. We focus on making sure modifications don't introduce unintended side effects or disrupt existing features.

API Integration Testing

API integration testing is the process of testing the integration and interaction between different APIs or components of an application to ensure accurate data exchange, synchronization, error handling, and performance. It verifies that APIs work together correctly, enabling smooth communication and functionality across multiple API endpoints, and detects issues related to data consistency, communication, interoperability, and overall system integration.

Runtime Error Detection

Our runtime error detection services make identifying issues, such as exceptions and resource leaks, straightforward. We blend automated and manual tests, following industry-leading practices to ensure we deliver reliable results. Our approach helps you detect and fix errors quickly.


Mitigate your risks with our timely, effective API quality assurance. Partner with Belitsoft for smart, secure, and scalable API solutions. Contact us today to take the first step towards enhanced quality and reliability.

Benefits of API Testing Services for Businesses

Enhanced API Quality

API testing improves API quality by detecting issues with functionality, performance, security, and compliance. Through comprehensive API testing , developers can ensure the API aligns with expected requirements and specifications, integrates smoothly with its supporting application or system, and delivers a seamless user experience.

Time-efficiency

API testing outpaces other software testing methods thanks to its automation capability. The structured nature of APIs, along with their programmatic handling of requests and responses, makes them ideal for automation. Automated API tests are simple to design and execute, significantly saving time and effort compared to manual testing.

Preliminary error detection

API testing, often performed early in the software development lifecycle, enables the detection of potential issues before they propagate further into the application. We can determine integration aspects and identify compatibility or communication errors by integrating API testing in the preliminary stages.

Increased security

Through meticulous API testing focused on security, organizations can spot and address potential vulnerabilities, enhance access control measures, protect data integrity, and comply with security standards. This ultimately fortifies the overall security of their products. API security testing typically includes vulnerability identification, penetration testing, data protection and encryption, compliance testing and validation, and access control and authorization.

Reduced complexity

API testing, with its focus on the functionalities and interactions of APIs, is typically less complex than testing intricate user interfaces (UI) or graphical elements. This narrower focus allows for more targeted and efficient testing.

Verification of Core Functionalities

Identifying and addressing issues in core API functions early in the development cycle helps minimize rework and reduce overall development costs. Moreover, during testing, developers ensure that the software's essential features function as intended, resulting in a high-quality product.

Leverage our well-structured API testing methodology to save time and ensure your project's success. Maximize the value of your investment. Contact us today!

API Testing Process & Methodology

APIs lack a user interface, rendering traditional black-box testing methods, which involve typing input and recording output, inapplicable. Instead, an application sends requests to the API and receives responses, with testing being either direct or within an integrated system.

To make the process efficient, we automate API testing using specialized tools or write code to interact with the API manually. Our specialists factor in key elements when carrying out API testing:

  • Reviewing API Specifications. We review the API documentation and requirements to determine the testing scope. Gathering requirements helps us understand the product-specific business rules, as these can have unique API implementations, leading to differing sequences and parameters. Knowing these rules, along with the expected inputs and outputs, is crucial for effective API testing. To ensure comprehensive testing, we begin by designing test cases or suites based on the product's intended use.
  • Establishing an API Test Environment. Based on your app's infrastructure, we set up the database and server for your application if needed. In many cases, understanding how to locate and interact with the application components is crucial, and installing the necessary testing tools is equally important.
  • Selecting API Test Tools. Our API testing specialists select from a variety of available API testing tools, including both commercial and open-source options. Commercial tools often provide a free version with limited functionality, as well as a professional version available for purchase.
  • Developing Test Cases. Our specialists develop test cases that cover a range of scenarios, such as positive and negative testing, boundary conditions, and edge cases. We ensure your test data accurately mirrors real-world situations to effectively validate the API's behavior. This involves collecting or creating test data that closely matches the data encountered in real-world usage, enabling thorough testing of the API's functionality and performance. By incorporating diverse test scenarios and realistic test data, we uncover potential issues and ensure the API operates as expected in various situations.
  • Test Execution and Reporting. We execute the prepared test cases on the API using appropriate testing techniques, such as black-box testing, white-box testing, or gray-box testing. We then compare the API responses with the expected results to verify their correctness and accuracy.
  • Focus on API Performance. As an API testing company, Belitsoft conducts performance testing to measure the API's response time, throughput, and scalability under different load conditions. We utilize JMeter for our API testing because it offers a notable advantage: API tests can be seamlessly converted into performance tests. Additionally, we employ a range of other API testing tools, both commercial and open-source, depending on the client's software requirements.
  • Security Testing. At Belitsoft, we assess the API for potential security vulnerabilities and validate the effectiveness of the implemented security measures.
  • Error and Exception Handling. Our API testing specialists assess the API's response to errors, exceptions, and invalid inputs, ensuring it reacts gracefully.
  • Reporting and Documentation. We document the test results, including any issues or defects found during testing, and provide comprehensive reports.
  • Test Maintenance. As necessary, we update and modify test cases to accommodate changes in the API, new features, or bug fixes.

Streamline your development workflow with a reliable API testing company. Contact us today.

Technologies and tools we use

APIs
Rest API
GraphQL
Apiary
Bluetooth Low Energy API
Apple Pay
Google Pay
Apple Maps
Fingerprint API
API testing tools
Postman
Swagger
Charles proxy
Ready API
ACCELQ
Katalon Platform
REST-Assured

Frequently Asked Questions

APIs, or Application Programming Interfaces, are a set of rules and protocols that enable different software applications to communicate and interact with each other. They act as a bridge between different systems, facilitating data exchange and functionality access.

In our perspective, it's beneficial to automate the most API tests. Automated testing not only accelerates the testing process but also broadens test coverage, allowing for scalable API testing.

In an agile environment, where tasks are divided into short sprints, extensive documentation isn't always available. Nevertheless, a high-level agile test plan is crucial, serving as a reference and providing a structured framework for teams. Remember, being agile doesn't mean a lack of structure; it simply signifies a more flexible approach to change.

The cost of API testing typically varies based on the project's scope. For a free consultation and a personalized quote tailored to your specific needs, please contact us.

We provide a variety of test services to meet your project requirements, including:

  • Functional Testing
  • Acceptance Testing
  • End-to-End Testing
  • Load and Stress Testing
  • Integration Testing
  • Security Testing

API testing offers significant advantages, including early defect detection. By resolving issues in API endpoints early on, businesses can avoid potential reputational damage and downtime. Additional benefits include enhanced security, a stable business logic layer, cost savings, and more. Embracing API testing ensures your business operations run smoothly and reliably.

API testing can be effectively automated using a range of API testing tools, including:

  • Rapid API
  • REST-assured
  • Postman
  • SoapUI
  • Katalon Studio
  • JMeter

These tools offer robust automation capabilities, streamlining the API testing process and enhancing overall testing performance.

Portfolio

API Integration for Digital Transformation of a Freight Management Company
API Integration for Digital Transformation of a Freight Management Company
Our Client, a US-based freight management company, needed a custom core business app to optimize their workflows.
100+ API Integrations for Data Security Management Company
100+ API Integrations for Data Security Management Company
Our Client, the US data management company that sells software for managing sensitive and private data in compliance with regulatory laws, needed skilled developers for building API integrations to the custom software.
Offshore Dedicated Team of 100 QA Testers and Developers at 40% Lower Cost
Offshore Dedicated Team at 40% Lower Cost
Our client is a high-tech company. They’ve grown into a leading global provider of innovative network intelligence and security solutions (both software and hardware). Among their clients, there are over 500 mobile, fixed, and cloud service providers and over 1000 enterprises.
Manual and Automated Testing to Cut Costs by 40% for Cybersecurity Software Company
Manual and Automated Testing to Cut Costs by 40% for Cybersecurity Software Company
Belitsoft has built a team of 70 QA engineers for performing regression, functional, and other types of software testing, which cut costs for the software cybersecurity company by 40%.
Software Testing for Fast Release & Smooth Work of Resource Management App
Software Testing for Resource Management App
The international video production enterprise Technicolor partnered with Belitsoft to get cost-effective help with software testing for faster releases of new features and higher overall quality of the HRM platform.

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Hire API Developer
Hire API Developer
Why Outsource API Development Focus on your Core Competencies If you have limited experience with API integration for your business application, you may encounter several potential risks, such as insufficient security measures for end-users, and incorrect management of authorization and authentication. By outsourcing to seasoned API professionals, you mitigate these risks. Get a Cost-Effective Solution  Discover talented API developers beyond your local area. When outsourcing API development, you get access to skills and expertise at an economical cost. You don't have to maintain and recruit an entire unit of employees and save money on infrastructure such as sitting space, devices, software, etc.   Why API Developers from Belitsoft Experienced Pros Only Trusted by tech companies worldwide, we have successfully matched hundreds of developers. We ensure expert, custom-matched talent meets your business needs. Every API developer goes through a screening process to assess their communication skills, remote work readiness, and technical abilities (both API-specific and domain-wide).  Given our services' full-cycle scope, aside from API, we can assemble cross-functional teams of senior project managers, web developers, app developers, user interface designers, and other technical professionals who follow a well-defined development process to create a fully functional solution.  Effortless Hiring We handle all timesheets, billing, payments, NDAs, background and reference checks, and legal issues so that you can focus on product development.   Choose the engagement type that suits you, whether part-time or full-time and change it anytime.  Whether you have a temporary staffing need or aim to scale your engineering team, our global pool of remote dedicated developers is sure to fit your requirements. Adjust your team size as needed. How to Hire an API Developer from Belitsoft Tell Us Your Needs Provide us with as much detail as you can about the API developer you need. Our director of engineering will work with you to clarify your goals, technical requirements, and team dynamics. Share the role description, technical specifications, and hiring budget. Get Qualified Candidates Receive candidate profiles that match your engineering needs. Our API solutions expert will pre-screen API developers to ensure you receive only the best talent. Choose who to interview based on your preferences. Hire with Confidence When you're ready to make a decision, select an API developer to hire. Our team will conduct a manual profile review, video self-introduction, and technical interview or peer programming session to assess the candidate's technical background, work experience, and soft skills. Once you're satisfied, sign an NDA and let us handle the rest of the paperwork. Collaborate and Track Progress Communicate with your new API developer through chat or video calls, share files, and monitor project progress. Effortless Payments Receive invoices and make payments easily. Try working with your new API developer during a trial period to ensure a good fit before committing to a long-term engagement. How Much Does it Cost to Hire an API Developer? Custom API development has a custom price. Things that impact the cost: Years of experience and technical skills. Timeline for API development project completion, need for development team scaling, the complexity level of API requirements, and data format (WebSockets, JSON, REST, etc.). The availability of product specifications (rough idea; clear idea but no specifications; precise written specifications/wireframes...) and management experience (your experience managing development teams means you don’t need to outsource a dedicated project manager and the price will be lower). Engage with us to get an upfront cost expectation for an API developer. How Do We Vet the Best API Developers Experience and product complexity evaluation We review the developer's experience and the complexity of the products they have built. Candidates who demonstrate the depth and have worked on end-to-end projects move to the next stage. Communication skills assessment During an introductory call, we evaluate the developer's ability to communicate effectively. We also gain a deeper understanding of their technical experience and motivation for API development. Technical evaluation We conduct one or more interviews to assess the developer's involvement and performance in building complex software products. Problem-solving abilities test We test the developer's mental agility and problem-solving abilities through a combination of live evaluation and timed coding tests, including algorithmic and skill-specific problems. Verification of past experience We reach out to past clients and/or employers to verify the developer's real-world experience. We also gather inputs on reliability, punctuality, communication, and responsiveness. Continual performance assessment Throughout each engagement, we assess the developer's performance and ensure they maintain Belitsoft's quality standards. API Developer Skills API Design Patterns Design a good API Good API means that API is operational, expressive, simple, and predictable.  The API system is operational when it performs the tasks users actually want, supported by non-operational features like latency (e.g., the core task should take a few milliseconds, not minutes) and accuracy (e.g., the output should be as expected). The API system is expressive when it lets developers specify goals using self-documenting interfaces, like  "orders.filter(status=PAID)" instead of specifying instructions on how to achieve this like "orders.get(3, true)". It relies on  abstractions, like "loan.apply(amount=5000, term=12)", that mirror real-world workflows and incorporate business terminology financial teams use when discussing loans. So there is no space for constructions such as "loan.post({"amt": 5e3, "t": 12})", which focuses more on how programmers interact with HTTP. The API system is simple when the functionality that users want is exposed in the most straightforward way possible. For example, a translation API should not hide the ability to detect the language of input text inside a method designed for returning the translated text, it’s better to create a new method designed for this purpose like “DetectLanguage()”. Another approach to simplicity is to make the common case 'awesome and fast' and the advanced case 'possible.' The complex advanced settings are hidden by default from typical users who just want to deal with frequent scenarios and are available only to those who specifically seek them. So, if a translation API includes the concept of an ML model, it’s not necessary to ask the user to specify it upfront, as it can be done later if needed. The API system is predictable or unsurprising when it relies on repeated, consistent patterns (e.g., naming fields consistently). API users don’t learn API details by thoroughly reading the full documentation but just enough to accomplish what they want. If they learn that a field is called "text" in one request message, they’ll assume (as an educated guess) that a related method takes an "input.content" parameter with the same field name. If this assumption fails (e.g., because another message names the field "inputText", "content", or "textContent"), their productivity will decrease, and they’ll have to spend time figuring out why their assumption failed. Many APIs are built by multiple teams, where each member may name fields differently—especially if different people are responsible for different fields. Over time, these seemingly insignificant inconsistencies become much more important. Implement API Naming Conventions Best Practices Senior API developers should be able to employ principles and strategies to choose good names for different components of an API and distinguish good names from bad ones when designing and building APIs. It’s obviously possible to change API names after we realize they are bad, even if they are already in production. However, after changing the name of a frequently used function, you have to update all references to that function name with a big find-and-replace across all public source code available. This is not possible if a client has already copied that source code and made it private. The API’s name should be expressive. In other words, it should clearly indicate what it represents: If a function or RPC, then something like "DeleteAccount" If a resource or message, then something like "WeatherReading" If a field or property, then something like "postal_code" If an enumeration value, then something like "Color.RED" The API’s name should be simple or as long as necessary for clarity—no more and no less: "UserPreferences" is a better name for a resource used to store a user's preferences. "UserCustomPreferences" is a bad choice (the "Custom" does not add much). "Preferences" is a bad choice (unclear whose preferences—system-level or administrator-level). The API’s name should be predictable. If you group similar asynchronous messages together and use the name “topic” in one place, do not use “messaging_topic” in other places for the same goal, because the same name should represent the same concept, while different names should represent different things. Understand the Differences Between Remote Procedure Call (RPC) and REST API Architectures Experienced API developers often use REST API to perform so-called CRUD operations on a server, for example, to add a product to a database, retrieve the contents of a music playlist, update a person’s address, or delete an article from the website. As to RPC calls (or modern implementations such as gRPC for streaming), it’s great for stateless functionality, like to make complicated calculations or to run a procedure on the remote server (use an ML algorithm to detect fraud, transfer money between accounts, get a weather prediction for the town based on the postal code, take a picture with a remote device’s camera, or restart a server). Backend API Development Backend API developers understand and implement third-party integrations smoothly in applications, enabling business logic to be accessed from web, mobile, and IoT devices. They have a good grasp of security concepts like OWASP to ensure data security. Their focus is on delivering work with low latency and scalability, from design to coding and final release. These developers manage the exchange of data between the server and users, primarily focusing on server-side logic for high performance and quick responses. They may also integrate front-end elements developed by others. A basic understanding of front-end technologies is needed. An ideal API developer candidate has experience with complex tech implementations and a drive to continually improve and simplify systems. Responsibilities: API interface and service development (internal/external) Improving efficiency through identification of areas for improvement Developing, testing, deploying, and supporting services Monitoring and reporting features for service effectiveness Independent solution design and architecture API engineering, building, and scaling Web service design, development, documentation, and maintenance using AWS API Gateway, Lambda, and other serverless tech. API developer vs Backend Developer Backend developers and API developers both work on the backend of an application, but with different focuses. Backend developers create server-side logic, while API developers - the communication channel between systems and parts of the same system, or application programming interface allowing data and functionality to be shared. It is usually implemented through a web service API using REST and JSON. It's not about front-end interface. The front-end interface is the user interface of an application and is what the user interacts with. It is implemented using technologies such as HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. The front-end interface communicates with the backend, typically through an API, to access data and functionality and is responsible for visual presentation. Skills to look for in Java API developer A Java API Developer is responsible for designing, developing, and maintaining API specifications using OpenAPI Specifications/YAML to ensure scalability and security. The role involves working with various application teams to understand their business needs, ensuring API documentation is up to date, and troubleshooting API-related issues. Key skills and qualifications of a dedicated Java developer to build an API include: Experience in Agile methodologies, specifically Kanban or SCRUM. Knowledge of Java technologies (Java, J2EE, Webservices, Spring, Spring Boot). Hands-on experience in developing Spring Boot, Spring Cloud, Spring Integration or Node.JS based Microservices. Experience with API Gateway & Management, Docker & Kubernetes, AWS cloud products, and API security protocols (e.g. OAuth, SAML). Responsibilities of a Java API Developer include API management platform readiness, API portal setup, API gateway development, API implementation, security policies implementation, and full lifecycle API project management. The individual is expected to act as a subject matter expert in API development and support multiple projects. Skills to look for in .NET API developer To be a skilled ASP.NET Web API developer, one should have knowledge in the following areas: Understanding of HTTP protocols and RESTful API design principles. Proficiency in using .NET framework, specifically .NET Core. Strong C# programming skills. Experience with ASP.NET Core, including the use of middleware, controllers, and models. Knowledge of Entity Framework for integrating APIs with SQL databases. Understanding of security measures such as OAuth2 authentication and SSL encryption. Ability to write automated tests using xUnit or similar testing frameworks. Familiarity with front-end technologies such as Angular or React. Ability to monitor API performance, troubleshoot issues, and implement solutions in a timely manner. Understanding of API documentation, including Swagger documentation. It's recommended to be familiar with Authorize.NET API as it is a popular payment gateway solution used for online transactions. Here are some other types of .NET APIs to know: ASP.NET Core Web API: A high-performance and scalable API framework for building RESTful APIs with .NET. ASP.NET Core SignalR API: A real-time communication API for building real-time applications such as chat, notifications, and live updates. Microsoft Graph API: An API for accessing data and insights from Microsoft 365 cloud services such as Exchange, OneDrive, and Azure Active Directory. For businesses considering Azure cloud migration and API modernization, the expertise of .NET API developers in Azure API Management is crucial to quickly build and publish APIs. Skills to look for in Python API developer The ideal candidate should have a solid understanding of the Python language, including its syntax and data structures. They should be able to write performant, elegant, and legible code that is easy for team members to contribute to. They also should be capable of solving challenging tasks that go beyond everyday Python API development. Python API developer should have solid experience in Python web frameworks such as Flask and FastAPI. They should be comfortable developing and maintaining REST APIs within a microservice architecture. The candidate should have experience interfacing with databases, including knowledge of ORM on Python and MongoDB. They should be able to write unit tests for their code and be familiar with Linux. A good grasp of scalability and experience developing performant applications is essential. The candidate should be able to write highly legible code using design patterns and best practices. The candidate should have a general understanding of web application backend development and be familiar with Linux. They should be able to write good Python unit tests. If planned that candidate may join the engineering department in a team of Python backend developers, their mission will include the conception, development, and optimization of the API and associated services and functionalities. They will participate in the technical design of the API in collaboration with a software architect and ensure the consistency and quality of the code in production. They will also participate in code reviews with their peers on Gitlab.
Dzmitry Garbar • 9 min read
Hire Dedicated QA Tester or Dedicated Software Testing Team
Hire Dedicated QA Tester or Dedicated Software Testing Team
Ensuring the quality of your software solution through testing and QA is crucial for maintaining stability and performance, and for providing a reliable product to your users. However, building an in-house QA team can be costly and difficult. Finding highly skilled QA engineers may also be a challenge, and even the most experienced testers require time to integrate with your current operations. Dedicated software QA teams are the key to ensuring the quality of your software product. Vendors typically offer a comprehensive range of testing services to guarantee the spotless quality, performance, security, and stability of your software. By choosing cost-effective and flexible dedicated QA team services, you can save up to 40% on your initial testing budget. If you decide to hire dedicated remote development team, a dedicated QA team can provide the same level of service as an in-house team. They are fully integrated into all project activities, including daily stand-ups, planning, and retrospective meetings. The dedicated QA team firms customize their services to fit clients' specific needs, including setting up a QA process, creating test documentation, developing a testing strategy, and writing/executing a wide range of tests such as functional, performance, security, compatibility, compliance, accessibility, API and more. An external dedicated QA team can provide valuable insights that may have been overlooked during the development of your project. They thoroughly analyze every aspect of your product, identifying and highlighting areas for improvement. When To Hire A Dedicated QA Team? When you want: to augment your in-house development team with remote testers through a dedicated team model (you don't wish to hire, train, and retain QA staff) or even to mix dedicated team of developers from different vendors to add specific testing expertise; scale your QA team rapidly if you work in a fast-paced and constantly changing industry and the need to expand your team arises unexpectedly; to pause or terminate the partnership whenever your project reaches your desired level of quality; to concentrate on the business and not fully participate in the QA process; to ensure a swift launch for your project and deliver results within the agreed timeframe, because time is just as important as quality to you: with tough competition from industry leaders, every hour counts;  to take advantage of salary gaps, cut operational costs and avoid additional responsibilities such as taxes and payroll; to access top QA expertise and work with specialists who have years of experience in testing and have a proven track record of successfully completing complex QA projects; to get full involvement in your project, which is not impossible with freelance QA engineers who may work on multiple projects simultaneously.   Why Belitsoft’s Dedicated Testing Team At Belitsoft, we offer not only a wide range of software testing services but also can help you hire dedicated developers. To ensure the best outcome for each client, we carefully tailor each QA team to our clients' specific testing needs. Our QA specialists are handpicked based on their appropriate skill set. Expert quality assurance team  Only the most talented candidates are hired, ensuring that each QA engineer working on your project is a proven expert in their field. The team includes highly skilled manual testers, automation QA engineers, QA managers, QA analysts, QC experts, QA architects, and performance engineers who work together to provide exceptional software testing services to our clients. Additionally, if you need a person responsible for designing, implementing, and maintaining the infrastructure and tools needed to support continuous testing and deployment, we can recommend to hire dedicated DevOps engineers from Belitsoft. We offer a diverse pool of specialists with a range of technical skills and industry-specific expertise, including manual and automated testers, security testers, and UX testers across various industries, such as telecom, financial services, eCommerce and more. We also have experience in creating dedicated development teams for big projects. Minimal waiting times Provide us with details about your dedicated software testing team requiremets,  number of testers,  scope of testing services for your software product, and we launch your QA project in just a few days. Seamless blending in with your company's current operations Belitsoft's dedicated QA team easily adapts to inner workflows of our clients. We guarantee effective collaboration with your software developers, project and product managers, and other members of your team to achieve the desired results for you.  Scaling up and down a dedicated quality assurance team Whether you're a startup in need of a small QA team with manual testers, a medium-sized company looking for a mix of manual and automation testing or an enterprise requiring a large and specialized QA team with a focus on automation and continuous integration, we have a solution that fits your needs. We also provide the ability to change the headcount of your team on demand.  We may start with 2-3 specialists for a team of 10 and gradually expand as the project grows. We also offer a QA manager to oversee QA tasks and maximize results. Strong security and legal protection Safety and confidentiality are our top priorities.  With our QA team, you have peace of mind knowing that your confidential information is kept private and your intellectual property rights are fully protected.  Total transparency and easy management  We require minimal supervision that allows you to be as involved as you desire. Expect regular updates on the progress and no surprise changes without prior discussion. You will always receive comprehensive reports on the work's progress, ensuring you stay informed at every step.   Clients can track the team's success through KPIs. Full control can be taken through daily stand-ups, regular status reports, and tailored communication. No unexpected costs You know exactly what you are paying for. We take care of all expenses, including recruting, onboarding, and equipment purchases.   The dedicated team is paid monthly, and the billing sum depends on the team composition, size, and skillset. Creating a Tailored QA Team: A Step-by-Step Process Defining Goals, Needs, and Requirements Our software testing experts thoroughly analyze the project's requirements and determine the ideal team size and composition. Picking Relevant Talents We handpick QA specialists from our pool of candidates whose skills and experience match the project's needs. Holding Interviews The client is free to conduct additional one-on-one interviews with potential team members to ensure the best fit. Quick Onboarding Our recruitment process is efficient and streamlined, allowing us to set up a dedicated QA team within weeks. Integration and Communication Once the legal agreements are in place, our QA team seamlessly integrates into the client's workflow and begins work on the project, with instructions, access to internal systems, and communication channels provided by the client. Effective Management of Dedicated Software Testers Utilize the Right Task Management Tool Choosing a suitable task management tool that promotes instant communication between the QA manager, QA specialists, and the customer is crucial for streamlining the QA process and software testing. Jira is a popular choice among companies for QA tasks and bug tracking. Foster Seamless Collaboration To integrate offshore dedicated development team, including remote testers, into your in-house team,  hold regular team meetings, use collaboration tools, and assign a dedicated point of contact for communication. This will make the remote team feel like a cohesive and productive part of your project. Encourage Early Testing Start testing as soon as a testable component is ready to minimize errors and costs. This is particularly important for security testing, and we offer services to help streamline this process. Types of Dedicated Testing Teams We Provide Manual testing team Manual testing is necessary for small and short-term projects. It verifies new functionality in existing products and identifies areas that can be automated in medium to large projects.   Test automation team Automated software testing saves time and resources, speeds up release cycles, and reduces the risk of human error. It detects critical bugs, eliminating repetitive manual testing.   Web app testing team Web app testing ensures that websites deliver a high-quality, bug-free experience on various browsers and devices. It verifies that the functionality of a web application meets the requirements as intended. Web testing includes checking that the website functions correctly, is easy to navigate for end-users,  performs well, and so on. Having appreciated the professional approach to testing web-based aplications provided by Belitsoft, our clients often entrust the customization of their products to our team. In such cases we help to hire dedicated front-end developers, dedicated backend developers, or full-stack dedicated web development team of a certain level and expertise. Mobile app testing team Mobile app testing ensures that native or hybrid mobile apps function correctly and without bugs on various Android and iOS devices. Testing on real devices may be costly for small organizations, while a cloud-based testing infrastructure allows to use a wide range of devices. If you are thinking of ways to reduce repeated costly to fix mobile app bugs, we invite you to hire dedicated mobile app developers from Belitsoft. API testing team API testing is a method of evaluating the functionality, reliability, performance, and security of an API by sending requests and observing the responses. It allows teams such as developer operations, quality assurance, and development to begin testing the core functionality of an application before the user interface is completed, enabling the early identification and resolution of errors and weaknesses in the build and avoiding costly and time-consuming fixes later in the development process. IoT testing team IoT device testing is crucial to ensure the secure transmission of sensitive information wirelessly before launch. IoT testing detects and fixes defects, ensuring the scalability, modularity, connectivity, and security of the final product.  ERP testing team ERP testing during different stages of implementation can prevent unexpected issues like system crashes during go-live. It also minimizes the number of bugs found post-implementation. Once a defect is resolved in the software, beta testing is performed on the updated version. This allows for gathering user feedback and improving the application's overall user experience. CRM testing team CRM testing is essential before and after the custom software is installed, updated, or upgraded. Proper testing ensures that every component of the system works, and departmental workflow integrations are synchronized. This ultimately leads to a seamless internal experience. Check out how our manual and automated testing cut costs by 40% for Cybersecurity software product company. Find Out More QA Case Studies The dedicated QA team may focus on both automated software testing for checking large amounts of data in the shortest term and manual testing for specific test scenarios. Get a reliable, secure, and high-performance app. Verify the conformance of the application to specifications with the help of our functional testing QA engineers. Hire a dedicated performance testing group to check the stability, scalability, and speed of your app under normal and higher-than-normal traffic conditions. Choose migration testing after legacy migration to compare migrated data with the original one to detect any discrepancies. Be sure that new features function as intended. Use integration testing specialists to check whether a new feature works properly not by itself but as an organic whole with the particular existing features and regression testing experts to validate that adding new functionality doesn't negatively affect the overall app functionality. Enhance user experience. Our usability testing team will find where to improve the UX based on observing your app's real users' behavior. We also provide GUI testing to ensure that user interfaces are implemented as per specifications by checking screens, menus, buttons, icons, and other control points.
Alexander Kom • 7 min read
Why Do We Use Frameworks in Test Automation?
Why Do We Use Frameworks in Test Automation?
Optimize your project with Belitsoft's tailored automation testing services. We help you identify the most efficient automated testing framework for your project and provide hands-on assistance in implementing it. What is Test Automation Framework? In a nutshell, a test automation framework is a set of guidelines for creating and designing test cases. These guidelines usually include various coding standards, data handling methods, object repositories, test results storage, and many other details. The primary goals of applying a test automation framework are: to optimize testing processes, to speed up test creation & maintenance, to boost test reusability. As a result, the testing team’s efficiency grows, developers get accurate reports, and business in general benefits from better quality without increasing expenses. Benefits of a Test Automation Framework According to the authoritative technology learning resource InformIT, a subsidiary of Pearson Education, the world's largest education company, the major benefits of test automation frameworks derive from automating the core testing processes: test data generation; test execution; test results analysis; plus, scalability is worth highlighting from a growing business perspective. 1. Automating test data generation Effective test strategies always involve the acquisition and preparation of test data. If there is not enough input, functional & performance testing can suffer. Conversely, gathering rich test data increases testing quality and flexibility, and reduces maintenance efforts. There are thousands of possible combinations, so manually gathering a production-size database can take several months. Besides, the human factor also makes the procedure error-prone. An automated approach speeds up the process and increases accuracy. The team outlines the requirements, which is the longest part. Then a data generator is used within the framework. This tool models multiple input variants significantly faster than a QA engineer would do. Thus, you speed up the process, minimize errors, and eliminate the tedious part. 2. Automating test execution Manual test execution is exceptionally time-consuming and error-prone. With a proper test automation framework, you can minimize manual intervention. This is what the regular testing process would look like: The QA engineer launches the script. The framework tests the software without human supervision. The results are saved in comprehensive & detailed reports. As a result, the test engineer can focus on other tasks while the tool executes all the scripts. It is also necessary to note that test automation frameworks simplify environment segregation and settings configuration. All these features combined reduce your test time. Sometimes, getting new results might even be a matter of seconds. 3. Test results analysis automation A test automation framework includes a reporting mechanism to maintain test logs. The results are usually very detailed, including every bit of available information. This lets the QA engineer understand how, when, and what went wrong. For example, the framework can show a comparison of the failed and original data with highlighted differences. Additionally, successful tests can be marked green, while processes with errors will be red. This speeds up output analysis and lets the tester focus on the main information. 4. Scalability Most projects constantly grow, so it’s necessary that the testing tools keep up with the pace. Test frameworks can be adapted to support new features and the increased load. If required, QA engineers update the scripts to cover all innovations. The only requirement to keep the process simple is code consistency. This will help the team improve the scripts quickly and flawlessly. Test automation frameworks are particularly strong in front-end testing. With the increasing complexity of web applications and the need for seamless user experiences across various platforms, automation frameworks provide a robust foundation for conducting comprehensive front-end tests. To learn more about front-end testing methodologies, including UI testing, compatibility testing, and performance testing, read our guide on the 'Types of Front-end Testing'. If you are ready to reduce your testing costs, deliver your software faster, and improve its quality, consider outsourcing software testing to our experts with 16+ years of expertise in testing. Types of Automated Testing Frameworks There are six different types of frameworks used in software automation testing. Each comes with its own pros & cons, project compatibility, and architecture. Let’s have a closer look. Linear Automation Framework A linear framework does not require code writing. Instead, QA engineers record all the test steps like navigation or user input to perform an automatic playback. All steps are created sequentially. This type is most suitable for basic testing. Advantages: The fastest way to generate test scripts; The sequential order makes it easy to understand results; Simple addition to existing workflows as most frameworks have preinstalled linear tools. Disadvantages: No reusability, as the data from each test case is hardcoded in scripts; No scalability, as any changes require a complete rebuild of test cases. Modular Based Testing Framework A modular framework involves dividing a tested application into several units checked individually in an isolated environment. QA engineers write separate scripts for each part. Then, the scripts can be combined to build complex test structures covering the whole software. Advantages: Changes in an application only affect separate modules, meaning you won’t have to rewrite all scripts; High reusability rate due to the possibility to apply scripts in different modules; Improved scalability to support new functionality. Disadvantages: Requires some programming skills to build an efficient framework; Using multiple data sets is impossible because data remains hardcoded in scripts. Library Architecture Testing Framework A library architecture framework is a better version of a modular one. It identifies similar tasks in each script to group them by common goals. As a result, your tests are added to a library where they are sorted by functions. Advantages: A high level of modularization leads to increased maintenance cost-efficiency and scalability; Better reusability due to the creation of libraries with common features that can be applied in other projects. Disadvantages: Requires high-level technical expertise to modularize the tasks; The data remains hardcoded, meaning that any changes will require rewriting the scripts; The framework’s increased complexity requires more time to create a script. Data-Driven Framework A data-driven framework allows external data storage by separating it from the script logic. QA engineers mostly use this type when there is a need to test different data with the same logic. There is no hard coding. Thus, you can experiment with various data sets. Advantages: You can execute tests with different data sets because there is no hardcoding; You can test various scenarios by only changing the input, reducing time expenses; The scripts can be adapted for any testing need. Disadvantages: A high level of QA automation expertise is required to decouple the data and logic; Creating a data-driven framework is time-consuming, so it may delay the delivery pipeline. Keyword-Driven Framework A keyword-driven framework is a better version of the data-driven one. The data is still stored externally, but we also use a sheet with keywords associated with various actions. They help the team test an application’s GUI, as we may use labels like “click,” “clicklink,” “login,” and others to understand better the actions applied. Advantages: You can create scripts that are independent of an application; Improved test categorization, flexibility, and reusability; Requires less maintenance in the long run, as all new keywords are automatically updated in test cases. Disadvantages: It is the most complicated framework that is time-consuming and very complex; Requires high-level expertise in QA automation; You will have to update your keyword base constantly to keep up with the growing project. Hybrid Testing Framework A hybrid testing framework is a combination of the previous types. It has no specific rules. Combining different test automation frameworks allows you to get the best features that suit your product’s needs. Advantages: You leverage the strengths and reduce the weaknesses of various frameworks; You get maximum code reusability to suit the project’s needs. Disadvantages: Only an expert in QA automation can get the best out of a hybrid framework. FAQ What are automation testing frameworks? An automation testing framework is a collection of tools and processes for creating & designing test cases. Some of the functions include libraries, test data generators, and reusable scripts. What are the components of an automation framework? The main components of a test automation framework are management tools, testing libraries, equipment, scripts, and qualified QA engineers. The set may vary depending on your project’s state. What is a hybrid framework in test automation? A hybrid framework is one that combines the features of different frameworks. For example, this could be a mix of data-driven and keyword-driven types to simplify the testing process and leverage all advantages. Which framework is best for automation testing? The best test automation frameworks are those that suit your project’s needs. However, multiple QA engineers point out Selenium, WebdriverIO, and Cypress as the most appropriate tools in the majority of cases. TestNG is the latest automation testing framework with multiple positive reviews. How to Choose the Right Test Automation Framework The real mastery in quality assurance is knowing which approach brings the maximum benefits for your product. Consider the following points to understand how to choose an automation framework. 1. Analyze the project requirements You must consider your product’s possible environments, future development plans, and team bandwidth. These points will help you pick the required functionality from each framework. You might even come up with a combination of features to get the best results. 2. Research the market You will need powerful business intelligence to understand which features suit your project best. Analyzing the market will help you determine potential errors, get a user-based view of the application, and find the right mix of framework features. 3. Discuss it with all stakeholders A test automation framework is likely to be used across multiple team members. Therefore, your task is to gather their priorities and necessities to highlight the most important features for your framework. Based on this info, you should choose the most appropriate option. 4. Remember the business goals The task of any test automation framework is to simplify the development process and facilitate bug searches. Your business might have a goal to complete tasks quicker at any cost, reduce financial expenses, or find a balanced and cost-efficient approach. Align the framework strategy with these objectives to make the right choice.
Dzmitry Garbar • 6 min read
Software Testing Cost: How to Reduce
Software Testing Cost: How to Reduce
Categories of Tests Proving the reliability of custom software begins and ends with thorough testing. Without it, the quality of any bespoke application simply cannot be guaranteed. Both the clients sponsoring the project and the engineers building it must be able to trust that the software behaves correctly - not just in ideal circumstances but across a range of real-world situations.  To gain that trust, teams rely on three complementary categories of tests. Positive (or smoke) tests demonstrate that the application delivers the expected results when users follow the intended and documented workflows. Negative tests challenge the system with invalid, unexpected, or missing inputs. These tests confirm the application fails safely and protects against misuse. Regression tests rerun previously passing scenarios after any change, whether a bug fix or a new feature. This confirms that new code does not break existing functionality. Together, these types of testing let stakeholders move forward with confidence, knowing the software works when it should, fails safely when it must, and continues to do both as it evolves. Test Cases Every manual test in a custom software project starts as a test case - an algorithm written in plain language so that anyone on the team can execute it without special tools.  Each case is an ordered list of steps describing: the preconditions or inputs the exact user actions the expected result A dedicated QA specialist authors these steps, translating the acceptance criteria found in user stories and the deeper rules codified in the Software Requirements Specification (SRS) into repeatable checks. Because custom products must succeed for both the average user and the edge-case explorer, the suite is divided into two complementary buckets: Positive cases (about 80%): scenarios that mirror the popular, obvious flows most users follow every day - sign up, add to cart, send messages. Negative cases (about 20%): less likely or invalid paths that stress the system with missing data, bad formats, or unusual sequencing - attempting checkout with an expired card, uploading an oversized file, refreshing mid-transaction. This 80/20 rule keeps the bulk of effort focused on what matters most. By framing every behavior - common or rare - as a well-documented micro-algorithm, the QA team proves that quality is systematically, visibly, and repeatedly verified. Applying the Pareto Principle to Manual QA The Pareto principle - that a focused 20% of effort uncovers roughly 80% of the issues - drives smart test planning just as surely as it guides product features.  When QA tries to run positive and negative cases together, however, that wisdom is lost. Developers must stop coding and wait for a mixed bag of results to come back, unable to act until the whole run is complete. In a typical ratio of one tester to four or five programmers, or two testers to ten, those idle stretches mushroom, dragging productivity down and souring client perceptions of velocity. A stepwise "positive-first" cadence eliminates the bottleneck. For every new task, the tester executes only the positive cases, logs findings immediately, and hands feedback straight to the developer. Because positive cases represent about 20% of total test time yet still expose roughly 80% of defects, most bugs surface quickly while programmers are still "in context" and can fix them immediately. Only when every positive case passes - and the budget or schedule allows - does the tester circle back for the heavier, rarer negative scenarios, which consume the remaining 80% of testing time to root out the final 20% of issues. That workflow looks like this: The developer has self-tests before hand-off. The tester runs the positive cases and files any bugs in JIRA right away. The tester moves on to the next feature instead of waiting for fixes. After fixes land, the tester re-runs regression tests to guard existing functionality. If the suite stays green, the tester finally executes the deferred negative cases. By front-loading the high-yield checks and deferring the long-tail ones, the team keeps coders coding, testers testing, and overall throughput high without adding headcount or cost. Escaping Murphy’s Law with Automated Regression Murphy’s Law - "Anything that can go wrong will go wrong" - hangs over every release, so smart teams prepare for the worst-case scenario: a new feature accidentally crippling something that used to work. The antidote is mandatory regression testing, driven by a suite of automated tests. An autotest is simply a script, authored by an automation QA engineer, that executes an individual test case without manual clicks or keystrokes. Over time, most of the manual test catalog should migrate into this scripted form, because hand-running dozens or hundreds of old cases every sprint wastes effort and defies the Pareto principle. Automation itself splits along the system’s natural boundaries: Backend tests (unit and API) Frontend tests (web UI and mobile flows) APIs - the glue between modern services - get special attention. A streamlined API automation workflow looks like this: The backend developer writes concise API docs and positive autotests. The developer runs those self-tests before committing code. Automation QA reviews coverage and fills any gaps in positive scenarios. The same QA then scripts negative autotests, borrowing from existing manual cases and the API specification. The result is a "battle-worthy army" of autotests that patrols the codebase day and night, stopping defects at the gate. When a script suddenly fails, the team reacts immediately - either fixing the offending code or updating an obsolete test. Well-organized automation slashes repetitive manual work, trims maintenance overhead, and keeps budgets lean. With thorough, continuously running regression checks, the team can push new features while staying confident that yesterday’s functionality will still stand tall tomorrow. Outcome & Value Delivered By marrying the Pareto principle with a proactive guard against Murphy’s Law, a delivery team turns two classic truisms into one cohesive strategy. The result is a development rhythm that delivers faster and at lower cost while steadily raising the overall quality bar. Productivity climbs without any extra headcount or budget, and the client sees a team that uses resources wisely, hits milestones, and keeps past functionality rock-solid. That efficiency, coupled with stability, translates directly into higher client satisfaction. How Belitsoft Can Help We help software teams find bugs quickly, spend less on testing, and release updates with confidence. If you are watching every dollar We place an expert tester on your team. They design a test plan that catches most bugs with only a small amount of work. Result: fewer testing hours, lower costs, and quicker releases. If your developers work in short, agile sprints Our process returns basic smoke test results within a few hours. Developers get answers quickly and do not have to wait around. Less waiting means the whole team moves faster. If your releases are critical We build automated tests that run all day, every day. A release cannot go live if any test fails, so broken features never reach production. Think of it as insurance for every deployment. If your product relies on many APIs and integrations We set up two layers of tests: quick checks your own developers can run, plus deeper edge case tests we create. These tests alert you right away if an integration slows down, throws errors, or drifts from the specification. If you need clear numbers for the board You get live dashboards showing test coverage, bug counts, and average fix time. Every test is linked to the user story or requirement it protects, so you can prove compliance whenever asked. Belitsoft is not just extra testers. We combine manual testing with continuous automation to cut costs, speed up delivery, and keep your software stable, so you can release without worry.
Dzmitry Garbar • 5 min read
Mobile App QA: Doing Testing Right
Mobile App QA: Doing Testing Right
Mobile app quality: why does it matter? According to the survey from Dimensional Research, users are highly intolerant of any software issues. As a result, they are quick to ditch mobile apps after just a couple of occurrences. The key areas were mistakes are unforgivable are: Speed: 61% of users expect apps to start in 4 seconds or less; 49% of users expect apps to respond in 2 seconds or less. Responsiveness: 80% of users only attempt to use a problematic app three times or less; 53% of users uninstall or remove a mobile app with severe issues like crashes, freezes or errors; 36% of users stop using a mobile app if it is not battery-efficient. Stability: 55% of users believe that the app itself is responsible for performance issues; 37% lose interest in a company’s brand because of crashes or errors. The app markets, such as Google Play and App Store encourage users to leave reviews of apps. Low-point reviews will naturally lead to decreased app’s attractiveness. ‘Anyone can read your app store rating. There’s no way to hide poor quality in the world of mobile.’ Michael Croghan, Mobile Solutions Architect ‘Therefore,“metrics defining the mobile app user experience must be measured from the customer’s perspective and ensure it meets or exceeds expectations at all times.’ Dimensional Research The findings reinforce the importance of delivering quality mobile apps. This, in turn, necessitates establishing proper mobile app testing procedures. QA and testing: fundamentals Quality assurance and testing are often treated as the same thing. The truth is, quality assurance is a much broader term than just testing. Software Quality Assurance (SQA) consists of a means of monitoring the software engineering processes and methods used to ensure quality. SQA encompasses the entire software development process. It includes procedures such as: requirements definition, software design, coding, source code control, code reviews, software configuration management, testing, release management, and product integration. Testing, in its turn, is the execution of a system conducted to provide information about the quality of the software product or service under test. The purpose is to detect software bugs (errors or other flaws) and confirm that the product is ready for mass usage. The quality management system usually complies with one or more standards, such as ISO 9000 or model such as CMMI. Belitsoft leverages ISO 9001 certificate to continuously provide solutions that meet customer and regulatory requirements. Learn more about our testing services! Mobile app testing: core specifics The mobile market is characterized by fierce competition and users expect app vendors to update their apps frequently. Developers and testers are pushed to release new functionality in a shorter time. It often results in a “fail fast” development approach, with quick fixes later on. Source:http://www.perfecto.io Mobile applications are targeted for a variety of gadgets that are manufactured by different companies (Apple, Samsung, Lenovo, Xiaomi, Sony, Nokia, etc.). Different devices run on different operating systems (Android, iOS, Windows). The more platforms and operating systems are supported, the more combinations one has to test. Moreover, OS vendors constantly push out updated software, which forces developers to respond to the changes. Mobile phones were once devised to receive and make calls, so an application should not block communication. Mobile devices are constantly searching for the network connection (2G, 3G, 4G, WiFi, etc.) and should work decently at different data rates. Modern smartphones enable input through multiple channels (voice, keyboard, gestures, etc.). Mobile apps should take advantage of these capabilities to increase the ease and comfort of use. Mobile apps can be developed as native, cross-platform, hybrid or web (progressive web apps). Understanding the application type can influence a set of features one would check when testing an app. For example, whether an app relies on internet connection and how its behavior changes when it is online and offline. Mobile app testing: automated or manual? The right answer is both manual and automated. Each type has its merits and shortcomings and is better suited for a certain set of tasks at the certain stages of an app’s lifecycle. As the name implies, automated mobile app testing is performed with the help of automation tools that run prescripted test cases. The purpose of test automation is to make the testing process more simple and efficient. According to the World Quality Report, around 30% of testing is automated. So where is automation an option? Regression testing. This type of testing is conducted to ensure that an application is fully functional after new changes were implemented. As regression tests can be repeated, automation enables to run them quickly. Writing test scripts will require some time initially. However, it will pay off with fast testing in the long run, as the testers will not have to start the test from scratch each time. Load and performance testing. Automated testing will do a good job when it is needed to simulate an app’s behavior strained with thousands of concurrent users. Unit testing. The aim of unit testing is to inspect the correctness of individual parts of code, typically with an automated test suite. ‘A good unit test suite augments the developer documentation for your app. This helps new developers come up to speed by describing the functionality of specific methods. When coupled with good code coverage, a unit test acts as a safeguard against regressions. Unit tests are important for anything that does not produce a UI.’ Adrian Hall, AWS blog contributor Repetitive tasks. Automation can save the need to perform tedious tests manually. It makes the testing time-efficient and free of human errors.       While the primary concern of automated testing is the functionality of an app, manual testing focuses on user experience. Manual mobile app testing implies that testers manually execute test cases without any assistant automation tools. They play the role of end-user by checking the correct response of the application features as quickly as possible. Manual testing is a more flexible approach and allows for a more natural simulation of user actions. As a result, it is a good fit for agile environments, where time is extremely limited. As the mobile app unfolds, some features and functionality codes are also changing. Hence, automated test scripts have to be constantly reworked, which takes time. When working on a smaller product like MVP, manual testing allows to quickly validate whether the code behaves as it is intended. Moreover, manual testing is a common practice in: Exploratory testing. During the exploratory testing, a tester follows the given script and identify issues found in the process. Usability testing. Personal experience is the best tool to assess if the app looks, feels and responds right. This facet is about aesthetics and needs a human eye.  ‘While automated tests can streamline most of the testing required to release software, manual testing is used by QA teams to fill in the gaps and ensure that the final product really works as intended by seeing how end users actually use an application.’ Brena Monteiro, Software Engineer at iMusics Mobile app testing: where? When testing a mobile app one typically has three options for the testing environment: real devices, emulators/simulators, a cloud platform. Testing on real devices is naturally the most reliable approach that provides the highest accuracy of results. Testing in natural conditions also provides an insight into how an app actually works with all the hardware and software specifics. 70% of failures occur because apps are incompatible with device OS versions, and customization of OS by many manufacturers. About 30% of Android app failures stem from the incompatibility of apps with the hardware (memory, display, chips, sensors, etc.) Such things as push-notifications, devices sensors, geolocation, battery consumption, network connectivity, incoming interruptions, random app closing are easier to test on physical gadgets. Perfect replication and bug fixing are also can be achieved only on real devices. However, the number of mobile devices on the market makes it highly unlikely to test the software on all of them directly. The variety of manufacturers, platforms, operating systems versions, hardware and screen densities results in market fragmentation.  Moreover, not only devices from different manufacturers can behave differently, but the devices from the same manufacturer too. Source: mybroadband.co.za Source:developer.android.com. The share of Android OS versions When selecting a device’s stack, it is important not only to include the most popular of them but also to test an app on different screen sizes and OSes. Consumer trends may also vary depending on the geographical location of the target audience. Source: https://www.kantar.com As the names imply, emulators and simulators refer to special tools designed to imitate the behavior of real devices and operating systems. An emulator is a full virtual machine version of a certain mobile device that runs on a PC. It duplicates the inner structure of a device and its original behavior. Google’s Android SDK provides an Android device emulator. On the contrary, a simulator is a tool that duplicates only certain functionality of a device that does not simulate a real device’s hardware. Apple’s simulator for Xcode is an example. ‘Emulators and simulators “have many options for using different configurations, operating systems, and screen resolutions. This makes them the perfect tool for quick testing checks during a development workflow.’ John Wargo, Principal Program Manager for Visual Studio App Center at Microsoft ‘While this speeds up the testing process, it comes with a critical drawback — emulators can’t fully replicate device hardware. This makes it difficult to test against real-world scenarios using an emulator. Issues related to the kernel code, the amount of memory on a device, the Wi-Fi chip, and other device-specific features can’t be replicated on an emulator.’ Clinton Sprauve, Sauce Labs blog contributor The advent of cloud-based testing made it possible to get web-based access to a large set of devices for testing mobile apps. It can help to get over the drawbacks of both real devices and emulators/simulators. ‘If you want to just focus on quality and releasing mobile apps to the market, and not deal with device management, let the cloud do it for you.’ Eran Kinsbruner, lead software evangelist at Perfecto Amazon’s Device Farm, Google’s Firebase Test Lab, Microsoft's Xamarin Test Cloud, Kobiton, Perfecto, Sauce Labs are just some of the most popular services for cloud tests execution. ‘Emulators are good for user interface testing and initial quality assurance, but real devices are essential for performance testing, while device cloud testing is a good way to scale up the number of devices and operating systems.’ Will Kelly, a freelance technology writer Mobile app testing: what to test? Performance Performance testing explores functional realm as well as the back-end services of an app. Most vital performance characteristics include energy consumption, the usage of GPS and other battery-killing features, network bandwidth usage, memory usage, as well as whether an app operates properly under excessive loads. ‘It is recommended to start every testing activity with a fully charged battery, and then note the battery state every 10 minutes in order to get an impression of battery drain. Also, test the mobile app with a remaining device battery charge of 10–15%, because most devices will enter a battery-safe mode, disabling some hardware features of the device. In this state, it is very likely to find bugs such as requiring a turned-off hardware feature (GPS, for example).’ Daniel Knott, a mobile expert During the testing process, it is essential to check the app’s behavior when transiting to lower bandwidth networks (like EDGE) or unstable WiFi connections. Functionality Functional testing is used to ensure that the app is performing in the way in its expected. The requirements are usually predefined in specifications. Mobile devices are shipped with specific hardware features like camera, storage, screen, microphone, etc., and sensors like geolocation, accelerometer, ambient light or touch sensors. All of them should be tried out in different settings and conditions. ‘For example, “every camera with a different lens and resolution will have an impact on picture dimension and size; it is important to test how the mobile app handles the different picture resolutions, sizes, and uploading photos to the server.’ Daniel Knott No device is also safe from interruption scenarios like incoming calls, messages or other notifications. The aim is to spot potential hazards and unwanted issues that may arise in the event of an interruption. One should not also forget that mobile apps are used by human beings who don’t always do the expected things. For example, what happens when a user randomly pokes at an application screen or inputs some illogical data? To test such scenarios, monkey testing tools are used. Usability The goal of usability testing is to ensure the experience users get meets their expectations. Users easily get frustrated with their apps, and the most typical culprits on the usability side are: Layout and Design. User-friendly layout and design help to complete tasks easily. Therefore, mobile app testers should understand the guidelines each OS provides for their apps. Interaction. An application should feel natural and intuitive. Any confusion will eventually lead to the abandonment of an app. However, the assessment of an app’s convenience by a dedicated group may be a bit subjective. To get a more well-grounded insight into how your users perceive your app, one can implement A/B testing. The idea is to ship two different versions of an app to the same segment of end-users. By analyzing the users’ behavior, one can adjust the elements and features to the way the target audience likes it more. The practice can also guide marketers when making some strategic decisions. Localization When an app is targeted at the international market, it is likely to need the support of different languages to which devices are configured. The most frequent challenges associated with localization mobile app testing are related to date, phone number formats, currency conversion, language direction, and text lengths, etc. What is more, the language may also influence a general layout of the screen. For example, the look of the word “logout” varies considerably in different languages. Source: http://www.informit.com Therefore, it is important to think about language peculiarities in advance to make sure UI is adapted to handle different languages. Final thoughts The success of a mobile app largely depends on its quality. ‘The tolerance of the users is way lower than in the desktop era. The end-users who adopt mobile applications have high expectations with regards to quality, usability and, most importantly, performance.’ Eran Kinsbruner Belitsoft is dedicated to providing effective and quality mobile app testing. We adhere to the best testing practices to make the process fast and cost-effective. Write to us to get a quote!
Dzmitry Garbar • 9 min read
How to Improve the Quality of Software Testing
How to Improve the Quality of Software Testing
How to Improve the Quality of Software Testing 1. Plan the testing and QA processes The QA processes directly determine the quality of your deliverables, making test planning a must. Building a test plan helps you understand the testing scope, essential activities, team responsibilities, and required efforts. Method 1. The IEEE 829 standard The IEEE 829 software testing standard is developed by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, the world’s largest technical professional association. Applying their template in QA planning will help you cover the whole process from A to Z. The paper specifies all stages of software testing and documentation, ensuring you get a standardized approach. Following the IEEE 829 software testing standard, you have to consider 19 variables, namely, references, functions, risk issues, strategy, and others. As a result, the standard removes any doubts regarding what to include and in what order. Following a familiar document helps your team spend less time preparing a detailed test plan, focusing on other activities. Method 2. Google’s inquiry technique Anthony Vallone, a Software Engineer and Tech Lead Manager at Google, shared his company’s inquiry method for test planning. According to the expert, the perfect test plan is built of the balancing of several software development factors: Implementation costs; Maintenance costs; Monetary costs; Benefits; Risks. However, the main part is asking a set of questions in each stage. If you think of the risks, the questions you should ask are: 1. Are there any significant project risks, and how to mitigate them? 2. What are the project’s technical vulnerabilities? The answers to these points will help you get an accurate view of the details to include in your test plan. More questions are covered in Google’s testing blog. 2. Apply test-oriented development strategies Approach 1. Test-driven development Test-driven development (TDD) is an approach where engineers first create test cases for each feature, then write the code. If the code fails the test, the new code is written before moving on to the next feature. The TDD practice is also mentioned in Google Cloud’s guide for continuous testing. It is explained that unit tests help the developer test every method, class, or feature in an isolated environment. Thus, the engineer detects bugs almost immediately, ensuring the software has little to no defects during deployment. Approach 2. Pair programming Pair programming is when two software developers work simultaneously: one writes the code while the other reviews it. Empirical research concludes that pair programming is most effective when working on complex tasks. Thus, test-driven development and pair programming leave nearly no space for errors and code inconsistency. 3. Start testing early with a shift-left approach Many teams have a common mistake in putting the testing activities as the last process before production. Considering that the costs to find & fix a bug increase 10 times with each development stage, this is an immense waste of resources. Shifting left comes as a cost-efficient solution. If you start testing early, you get the following benefits: Bug detection during early SDLC stages; Reduced time and money expenses; Increased testing reliability; Faster product delivery. Moving the testing activities to an earlier stage gives the QA team more space for strategizing. The engineers can review & analyze the product requirements from a fresh viewpoint, create bug prevention mechanisms by collaborating with developers, and implement automated testing for repetitive actions. 4. Conduct formal technical reviews A formal technical review is a group meeting where the project’s software engineers evaluate the developed application based on the set standards and requirements. It is also an efficient way to detect hidden issues collectively. The meeting usually involves up to 5 specialists and is planned ahead in detail to maintain maximum speed & consistency. It should last no more than 2 hours. This is the optimal timeframe to review specific parts of the software. It also includes such types of reviews as: Walkthroughs; Inspections; Round-robin reviews, and others. One person records all mentioned issues during the meeting to consolidate them in one file. Afterward, a technical review summary is created that answers the following questions: 1. What was reviewed? 2. Who reviewed it? 3. What are the discoveries and conclusions? These answers help the team choose the best direction for enhancement and improve the software’s quality. 5. Build a friendly environment for your QA team Psychological well-being is one of the factors that directly influence a person’s productivity and job attitude. Keeping a friendly work environment will help you keep the team motivated & energetic. Define the QA roles during the planning stage At least six QA roles are often combined in software testing. Aligning the responsibilities with each position is the key to a proper load balance and understanding. Encourage communication and collaboration Well-built communication helps the team solve tasks much faster. It is the key to avoiding misunderstandings and sourcing creative ideas for enhancing work efficiency. Here is what you can do: Hold team meetings during the work process and discuss current issues & opinions; Communicate with teammates in private; Hold retrospective meetings to celebrate success and ponder upon failures. Enhancing communication & collaboration increases the quality of your testing processes, as the team always has a fresh view of the situation. 6. Apply user acceptance testing User acceptance testing determines how good your software is from an end user's standpoint. For example, the software may be perfect technically but absolutely unusable for your target audience. That’s why you need your customers to estimate the app. Do not use functional testers A functional tester is unlikely to cover all real-world scenarios because he would focus on the technical part. This is already covered in unit tests. Thus, you need as many unpredictable scenarios as possible. Hire professional UAT testers An acceptance tester focuses on the user-friendliness of your product by running multiple scenarios & scripts, and involving interested users. The process ensures you get an app focused on real people, not personas. You can hire a professional UAT team with an extensive testing background for the job. Set clear exit criteria Evaluating the results of UAT tests is challenging due to immense subjectiveness. Setting several exit criteria helps you get more precise information. Stanford University has developed a template for UAT exit criteria that simplifies the process. 7. Optimize the use of automated testing Applying automated testing increases test’s depth, scope, and overall quality by saving time, money, and effort. It is the best approach when running a repetitive task multiple times throughout a project. However, note that it is not a complete substitute for manual testing. Use a test automation framework A test automation framework is a set of tools and guidelines for creating test cases. There are different types, each designed for specific needs. A framework’s major benefit is automating the core testing processes: Test data generation; Test execution; Test results analysis. Additionally, test automation frameworks are very scalable. They can be adapted to support new features and increased load as your business grows. Stay tuned for Meta’s open-source AI tools Facebook’s engineering team has recently published an article about their usage of SapFix and Sapienz. These are AI hybrid tools created to reduce the team's amount of time to test and debug. One of the key benefits is the autonomous generation of multiple potential fixes per bug, evaluating the proposition’s quality, and waiting for human approval. It is expected that the tools will be released in open source in the near future. Meanwhile, you can check out Jackson Gabbard’s description of Facebook’s software testing process when he was an engineer there. Hire a professional QA automation team Hiring an outsource test automation team helps you get high-quality solutions and reduce the load on your in-house engineers. Some of the areas covered include: GUI testing Unit testing API testing Continuous testing. You can get a QA team with a background in your industry, bringing the required expertise at cost-efficient terms. 8. Combine exploratory and ad hoc testing Exploratory and ad hoc testing is when testers cover random lifelike situations, usually to discover bugs that aren’t found by regular test types. Major key points: Minimum documentation required; Random actions with little to no planning; Maximum creativity. Both are somewhat similar to user acceptance testing, but the minor differences are the total game-changers. Exploratory testing Exploratory testing is all about thinking outside the box. Testers get nearly complete freedom of the process, as there are no requirements except for the pre-defined goals. Also, the approach is somewhat structured due to the mandatory documentation. The results are used to build future test cases, so the exploratory method is closer to formal testing types. It is best used for quick feedback from a user perspective. Joel Hynoski, a former Google Engineer Manager, wrote about Google’s usage of exploratory testing when checking their applications. Irina Bobrovskaya, Testing Department Manager "Exploratory testing should be applied in all projects in one way or another. It helps the tester see the app from the end user's view, regularly shift case scenarios, cover more real-life situations, and grow professionally. Exploratory testing is especially helpful in projects with scarce or absent requirements and documentation. As an example, our SnatchBot project (web app for chatbot creation) illustrates how explanatory testing helped us get to know the project, set the right priorities, build a basic documentation form, and test the app. " Ad hoc testing Ad hoc testing is an informal approach that has no rules, goals, or strategies. It’s a method that implies the usage of random techniques to find errors. Testers chaotically check the app, counting on their experience and knowledge of the system. QA engineers typically conduct ad hoc testing after all formal approaches are executed. It's the last step to find bugs missed during automated & regression tests, so no documentation is created. 9. Employ code quality measurements If your team gets a clear definition of quality, they’ll know which metrics to keep in mind during work. The CISQ Software Quality Model defines four aspects: Security – based on the CWE/SANS top 25 errors; Reliability – issues that affect availability, fault tolerance, and recoverability; Performance efficiency – weaknesses that affect the response time and hardware usage; Maintainability – errors that impact testability, scalability, etc. The model includes a detailed set of standards for each aspect, providing 100+ rules every software engineer must consider. 10. Report bugs effectively Good bug reports help the team identify and solve the problem significantly faster. Apart from covering the general data, you must always consider adding the following: Potential solutions; Reproduction steps; An explanation of what went wrong; A screenshot of the error. Bug report template You can see a very basic bug report template on GitHub. It can be changed according to your needs based on the project’s requirements. Here is the bug report template used in most projects at Belitsoft. Depending on the project’s needs, we may modify the sheet by adding a video of the bug, information about the bug’s environment, and application logs. Summury: Priority: Environment: If bug is reproduced in specific environment it can be mentioned here (e.g. Browser, OS version, etc.) Reporter: Assignee: Person responsible for fixing is mentioned here Affect version: Product version where bug is reproduced Fix version: Component: Component/part of the project Status: Issue descriprion: Pre-conditions: if there are any Steps to reproduce: 1. 2. .. n Actual result: Expected result: Can also include the link to the requirements Additional details: Some specific details of reproducing can be mentioned here Attachments: - Screenshots - Video (if it is helpful) Additional: - Screenshots with error (in console/network) - Logs with error Links to the Story/Task (or related issue): if there are any Want the help of a professional QA team to improve your software testing quality? Get a free consultation from Belitsoft’s experts now!
Dzmitry Garbar • 7 min read
API Testing Strategy
API Testing Strategy
APIs fail to perform consistently, alter, or produce errors with new releases? The cause of such malfunctions is a lack of testing. Strategies for Organizing API Testing The Testing Quadrant The Testing Quadrant helps arrange tests in the right time and order and not to lose resources. The Quadrant allows for combining technological and business tests. Technology stands for the correct features. All the parts of the API should work properly and consistently in any situation. Business testing is making sure the product has been developed according to the customers’ needs and goals. An image of a Testing Quadrant. Each of the four quadrants contains certain tests. However, those tests should not necessarily be performed in a particular order Quadrant 1: Unit and component tests Quadrant 2: Manual or automated exploratory and usability tests. Requirement refinement Quadrant 3: Functional and exploratory tests Quadrant 4: Security tests, SLA integrity, scalability tests Quadrants 1 and 2 include tests that detect development issues. Quadrants 3 and 4 focus on the product and its possible defects. The top quadrants 2 and 3 check if the API corresponds to users’ requirements. The bottom quadrants 1 and 4 contain technology tests, i.e., internal issues of the API. When a team is developing an API, they apply tests from all four quadrants. For example, if a customer needs a system for selling event tickets that can handle high traffic, the testing should start from the fourth quadrant and focus on performance and scalability. Automated testing is preferable here, as it provides faster results. The Testing Pyramid Another strategy for arranging API testing is based on the Testing Pyramid. The Testing Pyramid demonstrates how much time and expenses unit tests, service tests, and UI tests require Unit tests are cheaper and easier to conduct than end-to-end tests. Unit tests are the base of the Pyramid. They relate to the Quadrant 1 from the previous strategy. Unit tests include testing small separated parts of code. They check if each “brick” of the construction is solid and reliable. Service tests are more complex and, therefore, slower than unit tests. They require higher maintenance costs due to their complexity. Service tests check the integration of several units or the API with other components and APIs, that is why they are also called integration tests. Service testing allows developers to verify if the API responds to requests, if the responses are as expected, and if the payloads are returned as expected. The tests are taken from the Quadrants 2 and 4. End-to-end tests are the most complicated. They focus on testing the whole application from the start to the endpoint and includes interactions with databases, networks, and other systems. End-to-end tests demand many resources for preparation, creation and maintenance. They also run slower than unit or service tests. End-to-end testing allows developers to understand that the whole system is performing well with all the integrations. These tests are situated at the top of the Pyramid because they perform at low speed with high costs and their proportion should be much smaller in comparison with unit tests. Some teams use low-maintenance, scriptless tools, such as Katalon, for automating regression testing within end-to-end scenarios to reduce effort required to maintain complex test scripts. From the perspective of a project owner, end-to-end tests seem to be the most informative. They simulate the real process of interaction with an API and demonstrate tangible results if the system works. However, unit tests should not be underestimated. They check the performance of smaller parts of the system and allow developers to catch errors in the early stages and fix them with minimum resources. Testing the API Core: Unit Testing The main characteristics of unit tests are their abundance, high speed, and low maintenance costs. When testing separate parts of the API, developers feel confident that their “bricks” of the construction are correct and operate as expected. If we develop an API for booking doctors appointments, the “bricks” of the unit testing might be the following: Correct authentication of patients Showing relevant slots in doctors’ schedules Appointment confirmation and related updating of the schedules Unit tests are self-contained, as they are run independently, do not rely on other tests or systems, and provide transparent results. If the test fails, it is easy to detect the reason and correct it. Sometimes tests are written before the code. This style of development is known as Test Driven Development (TDD). This way, tests guide the development process. It allows developers to know what their code should result in beforehand and write it in a clean and well-structured manner. If the code is changed and the implementation breaks, tests quickly catch the errors. An outside-in approach is a way to perform TDD. With this approach, developers ask questions about the expected functionality from the user’s perspective. They write high-level end-to-end tests to make sure the API brings users the results they wish. Then, they move inwards and create unit tests for individual modules and components. As a result, developers receive a bunch of unit tests that are necessary on the ground level of the Testing Pyramid. This approach saves developers time as they do not create unnecessary functionality. Tuning Parts Together: Service/Integration Testing While developing an API it is important to confirm responses that match expected results. Service testing verifies how the API operates and how it integrates with other systems. Service tests are divided into two groups: Component tests for internal checks Integration tests for checking external connections with databases, other modules, and services Component testing is conducted to see if the API returns correct responses from inbound requests. Tests from Quadrant 1 verify if all the parts of the API work together. Automated tests from Quadrant 2 validate the right responses from the API, including rejecting unauthorized requests. For example, to test the authentication component of the API that books doctors’ appointments the following endpoint should be tested: When sending an unauthorized request, the response should return an error of 401 (Unauthorized) When an authenticated user sends a booking request, a successful response of 200 (OK) is sent Integration testing allows developers to verify the connections between the modules and external dependencies. However, it is not practical to set up the whole external system for this test. That is why only the communication with external dependencies is checked. Thus, bringing the whole database of authorized patients to check its dependency with the booking API would become an end-to-end test, not an integration. Contract testing allows conducting integration testing while building an API. Tested interactions save developers’ time and guarantee compatibility with external services. To put it simply, the contract is an agreement that describes the rules of interaction between two entities. For example, when a patient books a doctor’s appointment, the contract specifies how the booking API interacts with the authentication service or patient database. Developers use contract testing to verify whether those interactions happen according to the rules set. Testing for Vulnerabilities: Security Testing Security testing stands in Quadrant 4 and is also a very important part of API development. API specialists perform various types of security API tests such as Authentication & Authorization, Input Validation, Business Logic Flaws, Sensitive Data Exposure, Rate Limiting & Throttling (to prevent Brute force, DoS attacks), Transport Layer Security, Error Handling, Endpoint Security (only required HTTP methods are used), Dependency and Configuration, WebSocket & Real-Time API Testing. For the booking API from our example they ensure that the whole doctor’s schedule or the information about other patients can’t be captured by malicious users or “attackers”. Checking the Entire Functionality: End-to-End Testing Finally, we have reached the top of the pyramid. We are using automated testing from the Quadrant 2 as a part of End-to-End execution. This approach verifies core cases and confirms that the systems work together and give correct responses. To test an external API that should interact with multiple third parties it is not realistic to copy those systems and simulate how their UIs work. It would be a waste of time. That is why it is recommended to set test boundaries. For example, for our booking API, necessary services, such as authentication service, might be included in testing, while other external dependencies like messaging systems are excluded. This way the tests will target the most critical functions of the system and will not require additional time. Another important point in organizing end-to-end testing is using realistic payloads. Large payloads may cause the APIs to break. Developers should know who their consumers are. How Belitsoft Can Help? Experienced software development companies like Belitsoft offer API development and testing services across industries, including software testing in financial services. We manage complex projects in fields like data science, machine learning, and data analytics, to ensure compliance, security, and reliability. Our experts in automated testing know how to maintain the balance between sufficient test coverage and confidence in a product and leverage regression testing to safeguard against unintended impacts during updates across financial systems and other critical workflows. Belitsoft offers the following API testing services: Functional Testing Validation Testing Load Testing Stress Testing Security Testing Reliability Testing Integration Testing End-to-End Testing Negative Testing Contract Testing Performance Testing Usability Testing At Belitsoft, we understand the importance of sensitive data and use the best principles and tools to protect our clients at the development stage. If you are looking for domain-specific API expertise (from real-time data analytics to HIPAA-compliant healthcare platforms), audit-ready quality, or a scalable testing team, the Belitsoft software development company offers outsourced services tailored enterprise systems. Contact us today to discuss your project requirements.
Irina Bobrovskaya • 6 min read
REST API vs GraphQL vs gRPC
REST API vs GraphQL vs gRPC
Why APIs Matter? API-based architecture is characterized by the abstraction of implementation detail. This means that developers can make quick changes, update, or replace components in the back end, and the consumers will not be impacted as the API contract does not change. Modern microservices architectures and service-oriented architectures lead to rising numbers of separate services. Those services may run simultaneously. Therefore, there is a necessity for developers to coordinate the processes and address the challenges of distributed communication. A variety of API protocols, including REST, gRPC, and GraphQL assist software developers in solving those issues. However, it is essential to know the differences between available options and how to choose the right solution for a particular business domain. APIs should be useful tools for DevOps, not a bottleneck or a deployment constraint. When Is the REST API the Right Choice? Deciding which API standard will be the right one to adopt involves answering the following questions: What are the other standards that the company has, if any? Is it possible to extend existing standards to external consumers? How are consumers impacted by not having a standard? At Belitsoft, we recommend choosing a standard that best suits the culture of the company and existing API formats. Our developers analyze the current situation and suggest custom API integration with third-party applications if necessary. For example, one of the Belitsoft clients working in the sphere of transportation management spent much time manually processing documents and addressing several applications to check the status of loads, handle insurance, etc. Our experts set the required API integrations with carrier marketplaces, onboarding services, load-tracking apps, accounting platforms, and others. The company automated its main workflows and improved customer service. REST APIs support both service-oriented and microservice-based architectures. REST APIs use HTTP, which makes them easy to understand and implement. REST was developed as a standard that describes how to interact with a system. For example, GET requests are used to get data, DELETE to remove data, and POST to add data. The client specifies what they want to interact with and the format of data that they expect in the response. Another characteristic of RESTful APIs is that they are language-agnostic. In combination with standard HTTP methods, it makes REST API an available and low-barrier entry option for both clients and servers. On the other hand, REST is not strictly typed. For example, the POST request can get data, add, modify, and delete, depending on how the handler of a particular request was implemented. That is why it sometimes brings confusion about what a particular query is used for. REST vs GraphQL As with REST, GraphQL works on top of the HTTP protocol and is fully supported by all browsers. That is why both API architecture styles are ideal when developing a web app with a necessity to interact with a backend service or integrate with third-party services. The main characteristics of GraphQL are the following: GraphQL is an open-source language used to get data for specific fields in a single request to the server. It decreases the number of requests to the server when these fields are stored in multiple entities. However, it requires the developer to know how to build a query correctly in order to get the necessary data. GraphQL offers a single version across all APIs. It means there is no need for complex management of multiple versions on the consumer side. GraphQL works best with data and services from a particular business domain. If you have many external, disparate APIs, GraphQL might not be the best choice as it will add complexity. REST vs gRPC Remote Procedure Call (RPC) APIs execute codes or functions of other processes. RPC APIs access internal systems and reveal the details to the user. REST APIs hide those details. gRPC is a developing open-source and high-performance RPC framework created by Google for communication between servers or services. Here are the main features of gRPC APIs: gRPC provides a faster exchange of messages between services, and the messages weigh less, which reduces the amount of data transported through the connection, thus freeing up the connection faster. The gRPC protocol is typed, i.e., developers create a special file describing all messages and types of data they will send and receive before the implementation. The downside is that modern browsers do not have full support for this protocol, so they usually use an API Gateway. The frontend sends a query to the API Gateway using the HTTP protocol (REST, GraphQL), and the uses gRPC to send messages to the required service to process the request. REST APIs are stateless, i.e. the requests contain all the necessary data and do not relate to previous interactions. gRPC APIs can be both stateless and stateful. It depends on the implementation. gRPC allows access to multiple individual functions, but it is not usually used to extend a resource model. REST APIs perform that. gRPC can be successfully used for high-traffic services and for the two services under tight producer control. Best Practices and Trade-Offs When business grows, it becomes necessary to adapt APIs to the changing environment. API versioning is a way to manage REST API alterations without affecting existing integrations. API Versioning Best Practices Release a new API version and deploy it in a new location. Legacy applications continue working with an old API version. It is okay for a consumer, as they upgrade to a new location and new API only if they demand new functionality. At the same time, the owner has to maintain all versions of the API and make timely corrections and bug fixes if it is required. Release a backwards compatible API version. In this situation, it becomes possible to add changes without affecting existing users. Consumers do not need to upgrade the system immediately. However, the downtime should be taken into consideration and the availability of both versions at the time of the upgrade. Even small bug fixes might cause serious issues. Break compatibility with an old API and ask consumers to upgrade the code. This scenario may bring unexpected interruptions in production. However, sometimes there is no opportunity to avoid compatibility problems with older versions. This is what happened in 2018 when the GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation) was introduced in Europe. The options mentioned above have advantages and disadvantages for both consumers and API owners. Software development firms like Belitsoft support the combination of those three options. To do that, we use a semantic versioning approach. What does it stand for? Semantic Versioning This approach is used in software development to manage versions. It assigns numbers to API releases and divides API versions into three groups. Major version: This one is non-compatible with the previous API. Consumers have to upgrade to a newer version. They are usually supported by a migration guide and careful monitoring. Minor version: It is a backwards compatible change with the old API version. Users do not have to change their code. Patch version: This version does not bring new features or changes to existing functionality. Developers fix bugs and errors with this version. API Lifecycle Discussing the API lifecycle with consumers is an important part of API development and integration. Clients understand what to expect if they know the stages that an API passes. A combination of semantic versioning and API lifecycle allows consumers to track the releases of the major APIs leaving minor and patch updates without their participation. Here are the stages of the API lifecycle according to the PayPal Standards: Planned: This stage is about discussing what you are going to build and what services this API should cover. Beta: It is the first version of the API to receive consumers’ feedback. Users start to integrate with a new API and provide their ideas for improving it. This stage allows developers to avoid building several major versions in the beginning. Live: At this stage, the API is in production. Any changes become versions. When a new version appears, the current API becomes deprecated. Deprecated: Such APIs are not developed any further, but they can be used. When a minor version appears, the API is deprecated only during the validation of the new version. When the new version is validated and compatible with all services, a minor one moves to retired. When a major version comes out, the previous one becomes the retired one. However, it does not happen at once, as consumers need time to migrate. Retired: The API is not accessible anymore. If you are looking for specialized API expertise, improved API quality, and a scalable API team, the Belitsoft software development company offers outsourced services to meet your expectations. Contact us today and we will discuss your project requirements.
Dzmitry Garbar • 5 min read
API Gateways
API Gateways
What Is an API Gateway? An API gateway is located between a client and a set of backend services, which improves the integration between them. This is a tool that serves as the single entry point for the client. The client entering this point may be an application or device, e.g., a single-page application, a mobile application, an internal system, or a third-party service or system. Two elements of the API gateway are control and data planes. Those elements can be bundled together or deployed independently. The control plane serves as an interface where administrators interact with gateways and determine routes, policies, and necessary data. The data plane is the setting where the incoming requests are handled according to the rules of the control plane. It routes network traffic, uses security policies, and generates logs or measures for tracking. An API gateway applies policies for user authentication, request frequency limiting, and timeout/retry mechanisms. It also offers metrics, logs, and data to monitor performance, find troublesome issues, and analyze usage. Why Use an API Gateway? There are several key areas where API gateways become helpful. An Adapter and a Facade: Enhancing System Flexibility An API gateway provides an interface for engineers to interact with backend services. It should be flexible and understandable. All the parts of the system should be connected, but not heavily dependent on each other for the architects to be able to change some components without breaking the whole system. At the same time, the elements should serve a common goal. From the client’s perspective, they also use the API gateway as an interface to communicate with backend services. This way, an API gateway is like a facade that simplifies communication with the system. If the backend systems change, be it a location, architecture, or language, the API gateway adapts to those changes and clients do not feel the difference. Orchestrating Backend Services Sometimes it is necessary to gather the APIs of several backend services into a single client-facing API. It simplifies API consumption for frontend engineers, reduces the complexity of the backend, and improves request routing. A client may need to address several backend services. Doing this one by one is time-consuming. Orchestrating multiple calls to several independent backend APIs is faster and more convenient for a client. The results from backend services are gathered and transferred to a client in a single response. Defending from Security Threats An API gateway is the point of users’ first interaction with an API backend. Hackers can also be among those users. Huge enterprises typically have multiple security-focused measures such as web application firewalls (WAF), content delivery networks (CDN), dedicated demilitarised zones (DMZ), perimeter networks, etc. Smaller organizations also protect their API gateways with security-focused functionality. The following measures are cost-effective in dealing with unauthorized access, DDOS attacks, and excessive resource usage: authentication and authorization rules, monitoring and logging, HTTPS/TLS encryption, IP allow and deny lists, TLS termination, rate limiting, or load shedding for high-traffic scenarios. Observing the API Consumption Being at the edge of the system and receiving the majority of user requests, an API gateway provides important data about the application performance and customer satisfaction levels. The gateway enables monitoring of key performance indicators (KPIs) such as customer conversion rates, streaming initiation rates, revenue per hour, and detection of accidental or deliberate API abuse. It is a location to monitor the number of errors and throughput and to annotate requests that are transferred further through the system. All this data is important for further analysis and insights generation. The observability strategy usually implies dashboards and visualizations for correct interpretation of the metrics and alerting functionality for proactive issue resolution. Managing API Lifecycle Both internal and external parties use APIs. Large organizations develop an API strategy with goals, limitations, and resources set. A complete API lifecycle includes various stages, such as planning, designing, developing, testing, promoting, and others. Engineers and developers interact with API gateways during multiple of those stages. Besides, user traffic passes through the gateway. That is why implementing a relevant API gateway is critical. Enabling Monetization Often the APIs that are available to customers are developed as products. They are provided together with account management functionality and payment options. Modern enterprise API gateways allow for monetization. It is realized with such solutions as Apigee Edge and 3Scale. These portals integrate with PayPal or Stripe. Customers can set up rate limits, quotas, and consumption options to control the API usage. Where Is an API Gateway Deployed? For startups, small and medium-sized companies, an API gateway is usually located at the edge of the system. It might be the edge of the data center or cloud. In such a situation, a single API gateway guides users to the backend services. For enterprises, an API gateway is situated in multiple locations, as it is a component of a product, line, business, or department. Therefore, the gateways become separate implementations and provide different functionality in accordance with requirements and possibilities, e.g., operating on devices with limited processing power. Subtypes of API Gateways There is no exact agreement about the classification of API gateways in the software development domain. Different industry segments demand different things and, consequently, there are different views about an API gateway. That is why several subtypes of API gateway may be discussed. Traditional Enterprise Gateways: Such API gateways are used to manage business-focused APIs. These gateways are integrated with API lifecycle management solutions and help to release, operate, and monetize APIs at scale. There are open-source solutions and commercial versions available on the market. However, they rely on additional services like databases. Those databases have to be reliable so as not to disrupt the gateway’s operations. Maintaining those dependencies adds expenses and should be taken into account in disaster recovery (DR) and business continuity (BC) plans.Q Microservices Gateways: They direct inbound traffic to backend APIs and services. They focus on tasks like routing, security, and traffic control and are not used for API’s lifecycle management. They are deployed as separate components and often use an underlying platform, e.g., Kubernetes, for scaling and maintenance. Service Mesh Gateways: This is a type of gateway that handles basic traffic management tasks. That is why they mostly lack enterprise features, such as integration with identity or authentication solutions. Common API Gateway Pitfalls There are some API gateway pitfalls that developers should try to avoid. Sometimes organizations need the service mesh functionality. They route the traffic through the API gateway. However, it may lead to performance and security troubles and demand additional expenses, as cloud vendors charge egress fees. Another problem is insufficient scalability which causes a gateway overloading. Many API gateways supplement their functionality by creating plugins and modules. Such features as logging or filtering are useful. However, if the whole business logic is put into plugins, it couples the gateway with services or applications. This may result in a fragile system, i.e., a change in the plugin impacts the whole organization. Besides, in such a situation, the release of the target service is deployed together with a plugin. Multiple API gateways are usually deployed in large organizations. It is done to segment departments or networks. It may become a problem though if there is a necessity to release a simple service upgrade. It requires the coordination of many gateway teams and the performance is negatively affected. How Belitsoft Can Help Software development companies like Belitsoft offer their services to technological startups and enterprises in developing, integrating, and testing API services gateways. Identifying Requirements Before developing any service, careful investigation of the client’s requirements and expectations takes place. We help clients achieve the following aims: Improve communication of the engineers with the backend Aggregate backend services to improve client consumption Secure APIs from overuse and abuse with threat detection and mitigation Monitor KPIs and throughput Implement API lifecycle management Monetize APIs, including account management, billing, and payment Providing the roadmap with team augmentation and technological support At Belitsoft, we develop a roadmap tailored to the client’s demands. We take into account organizational structure to make sure all future decisions regarding the API gateway maintenance will be taken without constraints. We also analyze existing technologies in order to make them fit new API gateways. Our API developers specialize in Java Spring Boot, Python FastAPI, and .NET Core We implement and configure API Gateways to centralize and simplify API management, enable rate-limiting authentication, caching, data transformation, and abuse protection Belitsoft provides expertise in deploying and configuring AWS and Azure API gateways If you are looking for specialized API expertise, improved API quality, and a scalable API team, the Belitsoft software development company offers outsourced services to meet your needs. Contact us today to discuss your project requirements.
Dzmitry Garbar • 5 min read

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